Abbasid dan Buwayhid Period Awal 1000s

Abbasid at times were the puppets of the Buyid warlords (during early 1000s).

– Buyid warlords were from Caspian shore,

– Shia in their religious conviction

– pretended to administer the land of the Caliph on his behalf

– Buyids control of Khurasan contested by Ghaznawids (a dynastic of Mamluk soldiers 977-1186 with capital in Ghazna).

Tren double-decker meluncur melepasi sebuah stesen kota Paris

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